Development of a robust runoff-prediction model by fusing the Rational Equation and a modified SCS-CN method     

Xixi Wang  Tingxi Liu  Wanhong Yang 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6):1118-1140

Abstract

The objective of this study is to develop a Modified Rational Equation (MoRE) that combines the advantages of the Rational Equation (e.g. simplicity and global acceptance) and those of the standard US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number (CN) method (e.g. easy parameterization and extensive verification across the world). Herein, the hypothesis is that the MoRE is more accurate, consistent and robust than the SCS-CN method and its improved versions in predicting runoff in watersheds with limited data. The MoRE was designed to have a simple structure that is described by four intrinsic parameters: CN, permanent wilting point, field capacity and saturation soil moisture, and does not include initial abstraction as a variable. An evaluation of 77 USDA small agricultural watersheds indicated that CN of the MoRE has different physical meanings from CN of the SCS-CN method. The MoRE (mean Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient, E > 0.73) performed better than the SCS-CN (mean E < 0.32) and the four improved models (mean E < 0.56) in reproducing the runoff of the study watersheds. Performance of all six models varied greatly between watersheds, as well as between events, but was independent of watershed drainage area. However, the model performances tend to be better for watersheds and/or events with a runoff-to-rainfall ratio of between 0.1 and 0.3 than for those with a ratio outside this range. The MoRE has the most consistent and robust performance.

Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor I. Nalbantis

Citation Wang, X., Liu, T., and Yang, W., 2012. Development of a robust runoff-prediction model by fusing the rational equation and a modified SCS-CN method. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57 (6), 1118–1140.  相似文献   

1962-2008年辽宁省积雪变化特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

严晓瑜  赵春雨  任国玉  王颖 《气象与环境学报》2012,28(2):34-39

采用1962-2008年辽宁省52个气象观测站逐日积雪深度以及同期温度、降水资料,用统计方法和小波方法分析了辽宁省积雪气候变化规律。结果表明：近47 a辽宁省积雪日数呈不显著增加趋势,共增加了3 d;年最大雪深随时间变化呈不明显增加趋势,平均每10 a增加0.2 cm;年累积雪深也呈不显著增加趋势,气候倾向率为8.9 cm/10 a。从年代际变化来看,20世纪80年代前辽宁省积雪日数、年最大雪深和年累积雪深偏小;而20世纪80年代后至今,则经历了一个积雪日数、年最大雪深和年累积雪深均增加的过程。  相似文献   

Environmental implication on chamber accretion of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Neogloboquadrina pachyderma</Emphasis> (Ehrenberg) in southern Indian Ocean     

N. Khare  A. Mazumder  P. Govil  V. P. Singh 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,73(3):379-385

Morphological variations with respect to the number of chambers in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (Ehrenberg) were investigated in 25 surficial sediments of Indian Ocean taken along the N-S transect between 9.69° N and 55.01° S latitude and 80° E and 40° E longitude. The number of chamber was counted for at least 40 specimens picked for each sample. The average number of chamber was correlated with the average temperature and salinity along the changing latitude. The results showed a high correlation between the number of chambers and temperature and salinity. It was noted that number of chambers decreases from equatorial to polar region. The carbonate saturation and nutrient availability could possibly be other causes for the change in number of chambers. The results of this study, if applied on the subsurface marine sediments, will bear implications on paleoclimatic condition in the Indian Ocean region.  相似文献   

山西省层状云微物理结构探测分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李义宇  杨俊梅  李培仁  申东东  孙鸿娉  封秋娟  金莲姬 《气候与环境研究》2012,17(6):693-703

针对山西省2009年6月18～19日的一次降水过程,利用机载DMT探测资料、Micaps常规天气资料和卫星云图等资料分析了这次降水的宏微观特征.结果表明:这次降水是锋面云系产生的,18日山西省处于冷锋锋前,19日为冷锋锋后;锋前云底较低,云层较厚,有夹层存在,云中上升气流很强,云滴数浓度最大为280 cm3、平均直径最大为15 μm、含水量最大值为0.35 g/m3,云滴谱呈双峰或多锋型;锋后云底较高,云层较薄,云滴数浓度最大值为170 cm-3、平均直径最大为10 μm、含水量最大值为0.05 g/m3,云滴谱呈双峰或多锋型;层状云在垂直方向和水平方向均存在不均匀性;垂直方向含水量变化与云滴尺度变化较为一致,水平方向含水量增加主要因为大云滴数密度的增加;T分布拟合云滴谱结果接近实际分布.  相似文献   

磁暴期间热层中性大气受热抬升的观测例证   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

沈长寿  资民筠  王英鉴  徐寄遥 《地球物理学报》2001,44(4):461-466

采用AE-D卫星上中性大气数密度的观测资料,分析了1975年11月内多次磁暴期间热层大气中氦和原子氧与氮分子之数密度比值的变化.结果表明,磁暴对中性大气加热的理论是符合实际情况的.低热层大气受热抬升使较高高度上的大气中质量较轻成分的数密度相对比例有明显下降,而较重成分的百分比则有增加.与地磁宁静期间相比,在140-10km高度上n(He)/n(N₂)之比值降低了一个数量级,而n(Ar)/n(N₂)的增幅则略大于一个数量级.此比值的变化幅度大小随高度而变,但各高度上暴时变化的发展趋势是基本一致的.  相似文献   

Theoretical and experimental study of time domain-induced polarization in water-saturated sands   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. Titov  V. Komarov  V. Tarasov  A. Levitski 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2002,50(4)

A theoretical model of spectral-induced polarization (IP) of sand is presented. In the proposed model, contacts of sand grains and intergrain solution-filled space are considered as electrical current passages of varying thickness, which differ in values of ion transport number. Ion-selective narrow passages are considered as active zones, large passages as passive. The proposed model describes spectral IP characteristics for the medium where the length of passive zones is much greater than the length of active ones. The model is called short narrow pores (SNP) model. The SNP model predicts a growth of IP time constant with increase of length of ion-selective zone. Both the time domain and frequency domain parameters are described. The parameters of Cole–Cole model corresponding to the SNP model were also found.The behaviour of model parameters is compared with experimental data obtained on natural and sieved sands using time domain technique. The natural sand spectra correspond neither to the simple SNP model nor simple Cole–Cole model with single time constant because the lengths of ion-selective zones vary, reflecting the grain-size distribution.The spectra of sieved sand compared with the theoretical SNP spectra reveal close correspondence between experimental data and theoretical parameters. For four sieved sands, both the theoretical and experimental data show that the time constant of the IP is proportional to the square of the average grain size.  相似文献   

第23太阳周黑子相对数的峰值、峰期以及结束期的预测     

张桂清 《地球物理学进展》1999,14(Z1):22